code-snippets/cpp/even_payroll.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

/*
collectors:
{
    a: 10,
    b: 25,
    c: 50,
    d: 100
}

after selling kidney: 49

so it's: 
1. 49 - 10 = 39
2. 39 - 25 = 14
3. 14 - 50 ??? NO. its just = (14 / remaining which is 2) = 7
4. also just 7
*/

struct Collector
{
    int money = 0;
    std::string name;

    bool operator<(const Collector &collector) const
    {
        return money < collector.money;
    }
};

std::vector<Collector> calculatePayments(std::vector<Collector> debts, int budget)
{
    int remaining_budget = budget;
    int remaining_collectors = debts.size();
    std::vector<Collector> payments;

    if (budget < remaining_collectors)
    {
        return payments;
    }

    std::sort(debts.begin(), debts.end());
    payments.reserve(remaining_collectors);

    for (const auto& debt_record : debts)
    {
        const auto& debt_amount = debt_record.money;
        const auto& debt_collector = debt_record.name;
        const int even_distribution = remaining_budget / remaining_collectors;

        int spending = (even_distribution <= debt_amount)
                     ?  even_distribution
                     :  debt_amount;

        payments.push_back({spending, debt_collector});
        remaining_budget -= spending;
        --remaining_collectors;
    }

    return payments;
}

int main()
{
    const std::vector<Collector> debts = 
    {
        { 100, "Suika" },
        { 250, "Remilia" },
        { 1, "Reimu" },
        { 20, "Sakuya" }
    };

    const int budget = 67;

    for (const auto& payment : calculatePayments(debts, budget))
    {
        std::cout << payment.name << ":  " << payment.money << '\n';
    }
}